QS Top Universities: Schools

Dopo il 1870, con la presa di Roma e lannessione allItalia dello Stato Pontificio, altre radicali riforme vennero varate, si fondarono nuove cattedre, si prese in mano la delicatissima questione dei nuovi rapporti tra la Sapienza e le gerarchie vaticane.

Artefice principale di questo processo di rinnovamento fu Terenzio Mamiani (1799-1885), filosofo e intellettuale di altissimo livello, che fu Ministro dellIstruzione del nuovo stato; grazie a lui, la Sapienza ebbe modo di laicizzarsi e aprirsi alle nuove correnti del moderno pensiero europeo.

Nel XX secolo luniversità romana dovette confrontarsi con il primo conflitto mondiale; la Sapienza, presso la quale ferveva un forte movimento interventista, divenne da subito centro di aggregazione e di incontro per i nazionalisti e i patrioti. Presto cominciarono a serpeggiare, sia tra i docenti che nellambiente studentesco, tendenze anti-tedesche; luniversità fu spesso teatro di violenti scontri e tumulti, e il Rettore Alberto Tonelli, benché convinto interventista, fu spesso costretto a sospendere le lezioni e a chiudere lAteneo. Al termine della guerra, la Sapienza volle conferire la laurea ad honorem a tutti i suoi studenti caduti al fronte.

Durante il ventennio fascista, nellottobre del 1931 venne imposto a tutti i docenti lobbligo del giuramento di fedeltà al duce, pena la sospensione dallinsegnamento per chi avesse rifiutato. A Roma, soltanto tre professori (Ernesto Buonaiuti, professore di Storia del Cristianesimo, Giorgio

Levi della Vida, professore di Studi Orientali, e Gaetano De Sanctis, professore di Storia Antica), non prestarono giuramento e persero la cattedra. Mussolini era molto attento a mantenere la sua influenza allinterno della Sapienza, considerandola eccellente strumento di controllo e di propaganda; per questi motivi il duce volle ledificazione della nuova Città Universitaria, peraltro da tempo resasi necessaria per motivi di spazio e di funzionalità.

Nel 1935 la nuova sede, progettata da Marcello Piacentini, veniva inaugurata con grandiose cerimonie, alla presenza del Re e della Regina.

Al termine della seconda guerra mondiale, la Sapienza fortunatamente si trovò in condizione di riprendere quasi immediatamente la sua piena attività, riallacciandosi al periodo che aveva preceduto gli anni bui del ventennio. Tra il 1944 e il 1947, tutti i professori che avevano perso il posto per motivi politici o razziali furono reintegrati nellinsegnamento; venne ripristinata lelezione diretta delle cariche accademiche.
Allinizio degli anni 60, il numero degli studenti era cresciuto in modo pressoché esponenziale, sulla scia della ricostruzione e del boom economico del dopoguerra.

Urgeva un maggior numero di docenti, uniformando per quanto possibile lintera struttura della Sapienza agli standard spesso più moderni e dinamici degli altri paesi europei. Lurgenza di una riforma e di nuove leggi era apparsa una volta di più in tutta la sua evidenza nel maggio 1966, quando durante violenti scontri tra studenti di destra e sinistra, lo studente Paolo Rossi perse la vita precipitando, in seguito agli scontri, dalla scalinata della facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia. Gli studenti e i professori occuparono luniversità (meglio, alcune facoltà) in modo non violento; il 2 maggio 1966 il Rettore Ugo Papi fu costretto a rassegnare le dimissioni, per la prima volta nella storia della Sapienza. Gli avvenimenti successivi, i fatti del 1968, del 1977, le riforme proposte, abortite, in parte realizzate, fanno parte della nostra storia contemporanea.

Faculty

Number of International Faculty Staff	Headcount: 55 FTE: 55
Number of academic faculty staff who are of foreign nationality. The term �international� is hereby determined by citizenship. For EU countries, this includes all foreign nationals, even if from another EU state. In Hong Kong, this includes professors from Mainland China. Inclusion and exclusion mirrors those for academic faculty staff.
Number of Faculty Staff	Headcount: 4,771 FTE: 4,200
Total number of academic faculty staff who are responsible for planning, directing and undertaking teaching only, research only or both teaching and research. Please include: vice-chancellors, deputy vice-chancellors, principals, professors, heads of school, associate professors, principal lecturers and tutors. Please exclude research assistants, PhD students who contribute to teaching, and exchange scholars or visiting professors who are members of another university. FAQ: How is research assistant defined?

Undergraduate Information

Number of Undergraduate Students	Headcount: 107,096
Number of students pursuing a Bachelor�s level or equivalent degree. This excludes certificates/diplomas and associate�s degrees.
Number of International Undergraduate Students	Headcount: 4,037
Number of undergraduate students who are foreign nationals. The term �international� is hereby determined by citizenship. For EU countries, this includes all foreign nationals, even nationals of other EU states. In Hong Kong, this includes students from Mainland China. Please exclude all exchange students.
Number of Inbound Exchange Undergraduate Students	Headcount: 913
Number of undergraduate students attending your university on international exchange programs for at least 1 semester in the last 12 months.
Number of Outbound Exchange Undergraduate Students	Headcount: 1,093
Number of undergraduate students registered at your institution who have attended another institution abroad for at least 1 semester on an exchange program in the last 12 months.
Average International Undergraduate Fees	€ EUR 720
Average tuition fees per academic year (two semesters) that an international student would be expected to pay for an undergraduate program, with �program� referring to the complete range of courses contributing to a degree. FAQ: How do I calculate average fees?
Average Domestic Undergraduate Fees	€ EUR 720
Average tuition fees per academic year (two semesters) that a domestic student would be expected to pay for an undergraduate program, with �program� referring to the complete range of courses contributing to a degree. FAQ: How do I calculate average fees?
Average Undergraduate Class Size	80
The average size of class across all undergraduate programs. The term �class� refers to an unit of instruction or taught session in which a teacher has pre-defined material to cover. It does exclude tutorial seminars.

Graduate / Postgraduate Information

Number of Graduate / Postgraduate Students	Headcount: 29,980 FTE: 29,980
Students pursuing a higher-level degree (Master and Doctorate), including both taught and research postgraduates (e.g. PhD students)
Number of International Graduate Students	Headcount: 1,675 FTE: 1,675
Number of graduate / postgraduate students who are foreign nationals. The term �international� is hereby determined by citizenship. For EU countries, this includes all foreign nationals, even nationals of other EU states. In Hong Kong, this includes students from Mainland China.
Number of Inbound Exchange Postgraduate Students	Headcount: 913
Number of graduate / postgraduate students attending your university on international exchange programs for at least 1 semester in the last 12 months.
Number of Outbound Exchange Postgraduate Students	Headcount: 109
Number of postgraduate students registered at your institution who have attended another institution on an exchange program for at least 1 semester in the last 12 months.
Average International Graduate / Postgraduate Fees	€ EUR 720
Average tuition fees per academic year (two semesters) that an international student would be expected to pay for a graduate / postgraduate program, with �program� referring to the complete range of courses contributing to a degree. FAQ: How do I calculate average fees?
Average Domestic Graduate / Postgraduate Fees	€ EUR 720
Average tuition fees per academic year (two semesters) that a domestic student would be expected to pay for a graduate / postgraduate program, with �program� referring to the complete range of courses contributing to a degree. FAQ: How do I calculate average fees?
Average Taught Graduate / Postgraduate Class Size	25
The average size of class across all taught graduate / postgraduate programs. The term �class� refers to an unit of instruction or taught session in which a teacher has pre-defined material to cover. It does exclude tutorial seminars.

Students

Total Students	Headcount: 133,317 FTE: 65,000
Total number of students.
Total International Students	Headcount: 4,854
Number of students who are foreign nationals. The term �international� is hereby determined by citizenship. For EU countries, this includes all foreign nationals, even nationals of other EU states. In Hong Kong, this includes students from Mainland China.
Total Outbound Exchange Students	Headcount: 1,093
Total number of students registered at your institution who have attended another institution on an exchange program for at least 1 semester in the last 12 months.
Total Inbound Exchange Students	Headcount: 913
Total number of students attending your university on international exchange programs for at least 1 semester in the last 12 months.
Average International Student Fees	€ EUR 760
Average tuition fees per year that an international student would be expected to pay for any course
Average Domestic Student Fees	€ EUR 760
Average tuition fees per academic year (two semesters) that a domestic student would be expected to pay for any program, with �program� referring to the complete range of courses contributing to a degree. FAQ: How do I calculate average fees?

Graduate Output

Proportion of Graduates Pursuing Further Study	68%
Proportion of graduates from undergraduate programs pursuing further study at your own institution or any other.
Proportion of Graduates Employed	45%
Proportion of graduates (excluding those opting to pursue further study) in permanent employment within 6 months of graduation
Number of PhDs Awarded	703
Total number of PhDs awarded in the last 12 months