The Master of Science in Photonic Communications Engineering, unlike the M.S. in Optical Sciences, has a core curriculum; it pairs classes in systems-level engineering, marketplace demand, and the technology commercialization process with course material in leadership dynamics, technology management, ethical professionalism and communication. All required lectures are available online. Distance learning students will attend, via streaming video, the same classes as on-campus students, communicating with their professors and fellow students through email, discussion boards and web chat rooms. They will buy the same textbooks, use the same professional software, complete the same homework, and sit for the same exams as on-campus students. The University of Arizona requires on-campus and distance students to complete their thesis defense on campus. A one-day visit will usually suffice. This program is also available in a Part-Time option.