Your input will help us improve your experience.You can close this popup to continue using the website or choose an option below to register in or login.
Students enrolled in this degree will be broadly trained to undertake life-long careers in water resources system design, and will have the option to focus on groundwater, surface water, or watershed engineering. Students will be required to take a minimum of 15 (Ph.D.) credits of graduate level engineering courses, and at least 9 (Ph.D.) credits of water science courses to support the engineering analysis. Water science courses may be selected from non-engineering departments across the campus, and are required to provide the students with the scientific context to understand the non-quantitative aspects of water resource systems. Students completing the WRE program will meet the coursework requirements to attain Professional Hydrologist certification through the American Institute of Hydrology (AIH). Prior to graduation, all students in WRE will be required to show competence in mathematics to the level of applied differential equations (MTH 256), have a year of calculus-based physics and chemistry at the undergraduate level. Available Concentrations Groundwater engineering Surface water engineering Watershed engineering
Programme overview
Main Subject
Engineering - Civil and Structural
Study Level
PHD
Students enrolled in this degree will be broadly trained to undertake life-long careers in water resources system design, and will have the option to focus on groundwater, surface water, or watershed engineering. Students will be required to take a minimum of 15 (Ph.D.) credits of graduate level engineering courses, and at least 9 (Ph.D.) credits of water science courses to support the engineering analysis. Water science courses may be selected from non-engineering departments across the campus, and are required to provide the students with the scientific context to understand the non-quantitative aspects of water resource systems. Students completing the WRE program will meet the coursework requirements to attain Professional Hydrologist certification through the American Institute of Hydrology (AIH). Prior to graduation, all students in WRE will be required to show competence in mathematics to the level of applied differential equations (MTH 256), have a year of calculus-based physics and chemistry at the undergraduate level. Available Concentrations Groundwater engineering Surface water engineering Watershed engineering
Admission Requirements
6.5+
Students must have a four year Bachelors with a 3.0 GPA on a 4.0 scale or 2nd Class Honours: Upper Division (a 'B' Average) and they should have a minimum score of 550 or higher on TOEFL (paper-based).
4 Years
Jan-2000
Domestic
0 USD
International
0 USD
Scholarships
Selecting the right scholarship can be a daunting process. With countless options available, students often find themselves overwhelmed and confused. The decision can be especially stressful for those facing financial constraints or pursuing specific academic or career goals.
To help students navigate this challenging process, we recommend the following articles:
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Water Resources Engineering
# 201-275QS Subject Rankings
48 monthsProgramme duration
Engineering - Civil and StructuralMain Subject Area
Programme overview
Main Subject
Engineering - Civil and Structural
Study Level
PHD
Programme overview
Main Subject
Engineering - Civil and Structural
Study Level
PHD
Admission Requirements
Domestic
International
Scholarships
Selecting the right scholarship can be a daunting process. With countless options available, students often find themselves overwhelmed and confused. The decision can be especially stressful for those facing financial constraints or pursuing specific academic or career goals.
To help students navigate this challenging process, we recommend the following articles:
How to get a full scholarship
Looking for a fully-funded scholarship to see you into university? Find out how to boost your chances of getting one.
Scholarships to study abroad
Find scholarships to study abroad with our lists of international scholarships – categorized by country, by subject, and by type of student.
Scholarship Applications: Frequently Asked Questions
Get answers to all your questions about scholarship applications, including tips on how to find scholarships and chances of success.
More programmes from the university
Arts and Humanities (7)
Art Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Art Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Animal Reproduction and Development
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Animal Reproduction and Development
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Plant Growth and Development
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Plant Growth and Development
English Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
English Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
Environmental Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Environmental Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
French Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
French Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
German Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
German Undergraduate Major (BA, HBA)
History Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
History Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Interior Design Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Interior Design Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Music Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Music Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Philosophy Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Philosophy Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Religious Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Religious Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Business and Management (7)
Bachelor of Science in Tourism and Outdoor Leadership (TOL)
Bachelor of Science in Tourism and Outdoor Leadership (TOL)
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Bioproducts
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Bioproducts
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Climate and Biosystems Modeling
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Climate and Biosystems Modeling
Business Administration Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Business Administration Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Economics Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Economics Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Environmental Economics and Policy Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Environmental Economics and Policy Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Innovation Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Innovation Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Marketing Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Marketing Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Merchandising Management Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Merchandising Management Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Recreation Resource Management Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Recreation Resource Management Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Engineering and Technology (7)
BioHealth Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
BioHealth Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Genomics/Bioinformatics
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Genomics/Bioinformatics
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Water Resources
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Water Resources
Business Information Systems Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Business Information Systems Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Civil Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, CRED, HBA, HBS)
Civil Engineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, CRED, HBA, HBS)
Computer Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Computer Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Construction Engineering Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Construction Engineering Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Ecological Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Ecological Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Electrical and Computer Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Electrical and Computer Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Energy Systems Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Energy Systems Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forest Engineering - Civil Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forest Engineering - Civil Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forest Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forest Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Industrial Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Industrial Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Manufacturing Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Manufacturing Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Nuclear Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Nuclear Engineering Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Life Sciences and Medicine (7)
Animal Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Animal Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Agricultural Business Management
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Agricultural Business Management
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with a Plant Breeding and Genetics Option
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with a Plant Breeding and Genetics Option
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with an Agronomy Option
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with an Agronomy Option
Biochemistry and Biophysics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Biochemistry and Biophysics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Bioengineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Bioengineering Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Biology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Biology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Applied Genetics
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Applied Genetics
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Biotechnology
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Biotechnology
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Pest Biology and Management
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Pest Biology and Management
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Sustainable Ecosystems
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Sustainable Ecosystems
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Toxicology
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Toxicology
Botany Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Botany Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forestry Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Forestry Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Horticulture Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Horticulture Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Microbiology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Microbiology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Nutrition Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Nutrition Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Psychology Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Psychology Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Zoology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Zoology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Natural Sciences (7)
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with a Soil Science Option
Bachelor of Science in Crop and Soil Science with a Soil Science Option
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Bioenergy
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Bioenergy
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Environmental Chemistry
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Environmental Chemistry
Chemistry Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Chemistry Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Earth Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Earth Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Mathematics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Mathematics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Physics Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Physics Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Radiation Health Physics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Radiation Health Physics Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Rangeland Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Rangeland Sciences Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Renewable Materials Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Renewable Materials Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Others (7)
Finance Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Finance Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Social Sciences and Management (7)
American Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
American Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Food Quality
Bioresource Research Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS) - Food Quality
Digital Communication Arts Undergraduate Major (BA, BFA, BS, HBA, HBFA, HBS)
Digital Communication Arts Undergraduate Major (BA, BFA, BS, HBA, HBFA, HBS)
Ethnic Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Ethnic Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Food Science and Technology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Food Science and Technology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Hospitality Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS)
Hospitality Management Undergraduate Major (BA, BS)
Kinesiology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Kinesiology Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Liberal Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Liberal Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Political Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Political Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Public Health Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Public Health Undergraduate Major (BS, HBS)
Social Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS)
Social Science Undergraduate Major (BA, BS)
Sociology Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Sociology Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Speech Communication Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Speech Communication Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Undergraduate Major (BA, BS, HBA, HBS)
Arts and Humanities (6)
M.A., M.S. in History of Science
M.A., M.S. in History of Science
M.Ag., M.S. in Rangeland Ecology and Management
M.Ag., M.S. in Rangeland Ecology and Management
MA in Applied Ethics
MA in Applied Ethics
MEng, MS in Environmental Engineering
MEng, MS in Environmental Engineering
Business and Management (6)
Graduate Pathway in Master's of Business Administration
Graduate Pathway in Master's of Business Administration
M.A., M.S., in Applied Economics
M.A., M.S., in Applied Economics
MS in College Student Services Administration
MS in College Student Services Administration
MS in Marine Resource Management
MS in Marine Resource Management
Engineering and Technology (6)
M.Eng, M.S. in Electrical and Computer Engineering
M.Eng, M.S. in Electrical and Computer Engineering
MEng, MS in Chemical Engineering
MEng, MS in Chemical Engineering
MEng, MS in Civil Engineering
MEng, MS in Civil Engineering
MEng, MS in Computer Science
MEng, MS in Computer Science
MEng, MS in Industrial Engineering
MEng, MS in Industrial Engineering
MEng, MS in Mechanical Engineering
MEng, MS in Mechanical Engineering
MEng, MS in Nuclear Engineering
MEng, MS in Nuclear Engineering
MEng, MS in Robotics
MEng, MS in Robotics
MS in Water Resources Engineering
MS in Water Resources Engineering
MS in Water Resources Policy and Management
MS in Water Resources Policy and Management
MS in Water Resources Science
MS in Water Resources Science
Life Sciences and Medicine (6)
M.A, M.S. in Zoology
M.A, M.S. in Zoology
M.A., M.Ag., M.S., in Botany and Plant Pathology
M.A., M.Ag., M.S., in Botany and Plant Pathology
M.A., M.S. in Microbiology
M.A., M.S. in Microbiology
M.Ag., M.S. in Toxicology
M.Ag., M.S. in Toxicology
M.Ag., M.S., in Agricultural Education
M.Ag., M.S., in Agricultural Education
M.Ag., M.S., in Animal Sciences
M.Ag., M.S., in Animal Sciences
M.S. in Crop Science
M.S. in Crop Science
M.S. in Horticulture
M.S. in Horticulture
M.S. in Pharmaceutical Sciences
M.S. in Pharmaceutical Sciences
MA, MS in Biochemistry and Biophysics
MA, MS in Biochemistry and Biophysics
MF, MS in Forest Ecosystems and Society
MF, MS in Forest Ecosystems and Society
MF, MS in Sustainable Forest Management
MF, MS in Sustainable Forest Management
MS in Comparative Health Sciences
MS in Comparative Health Sciences
MS in Nutrition
MS in Nutrition
MS in Psychology
MS in Psychology
MS, MEng in Bioengineering
MS, MEng in Bioengineering
Master of Counseling (MCoun) - Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Master of Counseling (MCoun) - Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Master of Science in Biological and Ecological Engineering
Master of Science in Biological and Ecological Engineering
Natural Sciences (6)
M.A., M.S. in Mathematics
M.A., M.S. in Mathematics
M.A., M.S. in Physics
M.A., M.S. in Physics
M.A., M.S. in Statistics
M.A., M.S. in Statistics
M.Ag., M.S. in Wildlife Science
M.Ag., M.S. in Wildlife Science
M.S. in Fisheries Science
M.S. in Fisheries Science
M.S. in Soil Science
M.S. in Soil Science
MA, MS in Chemistry
MA, MS in Chemistry
MA, MS in Environmental Sciences
MA, MS in Environmental Sciences
MA, MS in Geography
MA, MS in Geography
MA, MS in Geology
MA, MS in Geology
MA, MS in Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences
MA, MS in Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences
MHP, MS in Radiation Health Physics
MHP, MS in Radiation Health Physics
MMP, MS in Medical Physics
MMP, MS in Medical Physics
MS in Materials Science
MS in Materials Science
MS in Wood Science
MS in Wood Science
Professional Science Master's Degree in Environmental Sciences
Professional Science Master's Degree in Environmental Sciences
Professional Science Masters in Fisheries and Wildlife Administration
Professional Science Masters in Fisheries and Wildlife Administration
Social Sciences and Management (6)
MA in Applied Anthropology
MA in Applied Anthropology
MA in Environmental Arts and Humanities
MA in Environmental Arts and Humanities
MAg, MS in Food Science and Technology
MAg, MS in Food Science and Technology
MS in Human Development and Family Studies
MS in Human Development and Family Studies
MS in Kinesiology
MS in Kinesiology
Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies (MAIS)
Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies (MAIS)
Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT)
Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT)
Master of Public Health
Master of Public Health
Master of Science (M.S.) in Education
Master of Science (M.S.) in Education
Arts and Humanities (6)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in History of Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in History of Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Rangeland Ecology and Management
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Rangeland Ecology and Management
Business and Management (6)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Economics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Economics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration
Engineering and Technology (6)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Biological and Ecological Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Biological and Ecological Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Nuclear Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Robotics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Water Resources Engineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Water Resources Science
Life Sciences and Medicine (6)
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM)
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry and Biophysics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry and Biophysics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Bioengineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Bioengineering
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Health Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Health Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Crop Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Fisheries Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Forest Ecosystems and Society
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Kinesiology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Microbiology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Molecular and Cellular Biology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Nutrition
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Pharmaceutical Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Sustainable Forest Management
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Toxicology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Wildlife Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology
Natural Sciences (6)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Geography
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Geography
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Geology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Geology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Materials Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Materials Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Physics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Physics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Radiation Health Physics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Soil Science
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Statistics
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Wood Science
Social Sciences and Management (6)
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Anthropology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Anthropology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Education
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Education
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Food Science and Technology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Food Science and Technology
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Human Development and Family Studies
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Human Development and Family Studies
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Public Health
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Public Health
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy